Inducing Stepping- Like Movement by Controlling Movement Primitive Blocks using Intraspinal Microstimulation
Alireza Asadi
Dr. Alireza Asadi, Department of Engineering, East Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Manuscript received on May 02, 2014. | Revised Manuscript received on May 03, 2014. | Manuscript published on May 05, 2014. | PP: 102-105 | Volume-4 Issue-2, May 2014. | Retrieval Number: B2214054214/2014©BEIESP
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©The Authors. Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Abstract: Recently, intraspinal microstimulation (ISMS) has been developed as a potential technique for restoring the motor function in paralyzed limbs. It has been shown that that there are functional units in the spinal cord (i.e., motor pools, motor primitives) that generates a specific motor output by selecting a specific pattern of muscle activation. Dynamics identification of these spinal primitives is a critical issue in rehabilitation the motor function using spinal microstimulation. In this paper, we have triggered the motor primitives by electrical microstimulation of the interneuron networks within the spinal cord. The major challenge in generating Walking cycles is finding suitable patterns to stimulate each primitive. By using EMG of normal walking we have tuned patterns of each primitive but this procedure is too time-consuming, thus we have applied closed-loop control using neuro-adaptive fuzzy sliding mode control. The results show both procedures can reconstruct walking, But in closed-loop procedure we tune little controller parameters once. Whereas in open loop procedure for each animal different pattern must be find.
Keywords: Functional electrical stimulation, intraspinal Microstimulation, movement primitives, neuro-Fuzzy sliding mode.