Design of a Rectangular Fractal Patch Geometry for Modern Communication Systems
Ruchika Jain1, Deepak Bhatnagar2, Kirti Vyas3
1Ruchika Jain, Arya college of Engg & I.T,Jaipur, India.
2Deepak Bhatnagar, Professor, Department of Physics,University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, India.
3Kirti Vyas, Associate Professor,Arya college of Engg & I.T, Jaipur, India.
Manuscript received on November 01, 2012. | Revised Manuscript received on November 02, 2012. | Manuscript published on November 05, 2012. | PP: 279-280 | Volume-2 Issue-5, November 2012. | Retrieval Number: E1066102512/2012©BEIESP
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Abstract: In modern wireless communication systems, compact multiband antennas with wider bandwidth and low profile configuration are in great demand. This has initiated antenna research in many directions. One of such antennas is a fractal shaped antenna element. The fractal structures may be designed by stacking of numerous small units together in such a way that the final geometry has the same shape as that of the unit structure. In addition to their larger bandwidths, fractal antennas are compact in size relative to the conventional antennas because of their efficient volume filling nature. In the present paper, design of new compact fractal multiband antenna geometry is presented. This antenna is targeted for application in Wi-MAX communication systems which operates in three bands namely lower band (2.3 to 2.9 GHz), medium band (3.4 to 3.96 GHz) and upper band (5.25 to 5.85 GHz). Two iterations of the rectangular fractal multiband antenna, with probe feeding in 2-6 GHz band are examined. The proposed antenna resonates at three frequencies namely 2.8 GHz, 3.95 GHz and 5.8 GHz after 2nd iteration. These three frequencies lie in the three considered bands. From the return loss variations with frequency; it is realized that proposed antenna may also be used for Wi-Fi (5.1-5.825 GHz) applications. Finally this antenna is fabricated and its return loss, VSWR and input impedance variations with frequency are tested. Antenna Configuration – The design paramters of proposed antenna are as folllows: (i) The base antenna geometry is a rectangle with width length „a‟= 20.2mm and width „b‟ = 19.8mm. (i) The antenna structure is simulated on glass epoxy FR4 dielectric substrate having dielectric constant (εr) and loss tangent (tanδ)of the substrate equal to 4.4 and 0.025 respectively. The thickness of substrate is h = 1.59mm and the patch thickness is 0.0035mm. (ii) The antenna is fed through a 50Ω coaxial probe of diameter 1.24mm.
Keywords: The antenna structure is simulated on glass epoxy FR4 dielectric substrate having dielectric constant (εr) and loss tangent (tanδ)of the substrate equal to 4.4 and 0.025 respectively. The thickness of substrate is h = 1.59mm and the patch thickness is 0.0035mm.